
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the RNA virus strain that causes COVID-19, the disease first identified in 2019. Initially designated 2019-nCoV (2019 novel coronavirus), COVID-19 was declared a public health emergency on January 30, 2020, and later declared a worldwide pandemic on March 11, 2020. SARS-CoV-2 spreads through human-to-human transmission and enters human cells through its binding of the angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor. Each virion consists of 4 structural proteins: S (spike protein), E (envelope), M (membrane), and N (nucleocapsid). For this assay, the N protein was chosen to maximize the likelihood of antibody detection, since it is the most immunodominant protein in the coronavirus family.
Current research has shown that antibody levels decrease in the serum of COVID-19 patients over time (4) and vary depending on disease severity. In fact, a higher number of asymptomatic participants become seronegative at 60 days indicating a true decline over a 2-month period rather than an artifact of assay performance. Due to this, the current assay had antibody profiles benchmarked to a serum specific anti-N protein assay instead of PCR assay results.
Technical Summary
Analyte Summary | |
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Analyte: | SARS-CoV-2 Nucleocapsid Protein IgG |
Aliases: | COVID-19 Antibody, 2019-nCoV Antibodies, coronavirus Antibodies |
Serum-Saliva Correlation: | NA |
Optimum Collection Volume: | 200 μL* |
Assay Summary | |
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Methodology: | ELISA |
Sensitivity: | 92% |
Specificity: | 98% |
Assay Type: | Qualitative |
How to Collect Saliva
SARS-CoV-2 (N-Protein) IgG SALIVA COLLECTION CONSIDERATIONS
Better results begin with better saliva collection. This collection protocol features general considerations to maximize salivary analysis. Use this analyte-specific collection protocol to plan your collection methodology and sampling schemes.
APPROVED SALIVARY SARS-CoV-2 (N-PROTEIN) IgG COLLECTION METHODS
Recommended
Test Samples at Salimetrics
Order Code (lab): | 5225.11 |
Transport Requirements: | Ship on Dry Ice |
References & Salivary SARS-CoV-2 Research
- Randad, PR., et al. (2020). COVID-19 serology at population scale: SARS-CoV-2-specific antibody responses in saliva. medRxiv.
- Hettegger, P., et al. (2019). High similarity of IgG antibody profiles in blood and saliva opens opportunities for saliva based serology. PloS one. 2019;14(6):e0218456.
- Heaney, JLJ., et al. (2018). The utility of saliva for the assessment of anti-pneumococcal antibodies: investigation of saliva as a marker of antibody status in serum Biomarkers. 23(2):115-22.
- Patel, M., et al. (2020). Change in Antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 Over 60 Days Among Health Care Personnel in Nashville, Tennessee. JAMA.
- Vabret N. (2020). Antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 short-lived. Nat Rev Immunol. 20(9):519.
- Long QX., et al. (2020). Antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 in patients with COVID-19. Nat Med. 26(6):845-8.